The goods that are transported by sea are classified according to whether they are cargo
In the field of international maritime transport, goods are classified according to whether they are general bulk cargo (solids, liquids and gases) or general or conventional packaged cargo, packaged or packed in bags, drums, boxes, cages, pallets or containers. General merchandise can be: raw materials, capital goods, consumer or manufactured products, food products, refrigerated cargo, etc.
Solid bulks are, for example: cereals and grains, iron ore, coal, bauxite, phosphates, fertilizers, forest products, stone and gravel, iron and steel products and scrap, cement and clinker, sugar, etc. This type of cargo is transported in bulk carriers whose holds are divided into compartments. The merchandise is loaded onto the ship using pipes connected to the storage silos, or by special cranes equipped with shovels.
Liquid bulks are, for example: crude oil and its derivatives, chemical products, liquefied gases, oils, etc. They are transported in ships equipped with compartmentalized tanks that are filled with liquid in bulk through pipes, generally.
There are also bulks in the form of gas, such as natural gas or petroleum gases. This type of merchandise is transported in methane tankers equipped with special tanks.
Types of ships for the international maritime transport of goods.
Goods can be transported on different types of ships. Therefore, the first distinction regarding cargo is its classification as conventional cargo or containerized cargo.
Conventional cargo is transported in so-called conventional ships and is all merchandise that is not transported in a container. It can be merchandise stowed on pallets, cages, wooden or metal boxes, drums, etc.
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